Pre-Columbian History of the Caribbean Indigenous People Essay Example for Free

Pre-Columbian History of the Caribbean Indigenous People Essay Both indigenous groups, Tainos and Siboneys migrated to the Caribbean region. The first indigenous group to migrate to the Caribbean was the Siboneys. Although their origin has been debated, the common perception is that they came from either the southern top of modern day Florida or Mexico. It is estimated that around 500 B. C. they settled in the Greater Antilles region of the Caribbean. This region includes the Bahamas, Cuba and Jamaica. The Taino migration occurred approximately around the same time as the Siboneys. Their migration started from the South American mainland, most notably the area between Venezuela and Colombia to the area known as the Lesser Antilles of the Caribbean. This area included islands such as Trinidad and the Virgin Islands. The Taino utilized canoes to travel between each island during their migration. The canoes were made out of tree trunks and measured approximately 25 meters in length. Each canoe had a travel capacity of approximately 50 people. The main reason for the Taino migration was increased agitation and threats from the Carib indigenous people from the same region in South America. The Caribs were fierce in the their pursuit of the Taino and followed them up into the Lesser Antilles. Culturally, both the Taino and Siboney differed greatly. The Siboneys communed in small societies. Some would argue that they were culturally unsophisticated. They did not make any complex tools, just wood, stone and shells. The Siboney’s also settled by the riverside since they did not practice any form of agriculture. Their diet consisted of easily attainable animals such as fish and reptiles. They also ate wild fruits that were native to the islands. Conversely, the Taino were more advanced than their northern neighbor the Siboneys. The Taino had a complex society that consisted of settlements of as much as 500 inhabitants. They also contained a social structure for each settlement that consisted of a chief known as a cacique, a tier of elders who represented various families of each settlement, women and children. The Taino designated tasks to its members according to their position. Men cleared uninhabited areas of land and fished. Women were in charge of crop cultivation and child rearing. Unlike the Siboneys, the Taino mastered the art of farming. They farmed various crops such as yucca, guava and sweet potatoes. They also hunted various small game around the islands. The Taino also mastered clay pottery. Lastly, the Taino exercised their religious beliefs regularly. They believed in Gods that they called Zemis. The Caicique’s job was to carry out religious ceremonies by nasally ingesting a hallucinogenic mixture of tobacco and crushed sea shells through a long pipe called a cohoba. This snuff allowed the caciques to communicate with their Gods. Unlike the Siboneys, the Taino were a highly advanced society. They played a sophisticated team game called â€Å"Batey†. This game can be considered as the precursor to modern day soccer. Specially designed ball courts were created for Batey. In addition, The Taino also created jewelry and ornaments in which both men and women wore to Festivals and other celebratory events. In conclusion, the Taino and Siboney indigenous people both migrated to the Caribbean region. They both make up the genealogical and cultural starting point for all individuals who hail from the Caribbean region.

Drug Use and Abuse by Teens Essay -- Teenage Drug Users

Drug addiction is becoming a major problem amongst teenagers. Nine out of every ten adults say that teachers should inform students about drug use." USA Today Many people don’t even realize that they use drugs. Alcohol is a drug. It is the most popular drug in America. People also don’t realize that alcohol is addictive until it’s too late. Alcohol is also very dangerous. On September 13, 2000, I witnessed a crash by my house. A guy skidded across the road and ended up on my neighbor’s lawn. The windshield was cracked on the driver’s side. The driver looked at the smoking car and said that it was fine. He just needed to get it off the curb. When the police showed up, he asked the driver if he had hit his head on the windshield. The driver replied with â€Å"No." The driver was drunk and t...

Family Recipe Essay

When I was younger, I remember walking into my grandmother’s house every Thursday night smelling the freshly-baked homemade lasagna she always made. The recipe she would follow has been passed down from many generations in our family. It is one of my favorite meals to make, and it can be done in approximately an hour and thirty minutes. The key to making my family’s homemade lasagna can be summed up in three simple steps: selecting top-quality ingredients, preparing them, and baking the lasagna correctly. The first step in cooking my family’s homemade lasagna is to select top-quality ingredients. There are many different requirements for this dish, and getting the cheap brand of any of the ingredients does not allow for the full potential of the meal. You need to have one 16 oz. package of Barilla lasagna noodles, two pounds of the store’s fresh ground beef, one 24 oz. can of Prego Traditional tomato sauce, half a teaspoon of salt, two 16 oz. bags of Kraft mozzarella cheese, and one 16 oz. cup of Sargento ricotta cheese. After purchasing these ingredients, the ground beef, mozzarella cheese, and ricotta cheese need to be placed in the refrigerator until consumption. The second step in cooking my family’s homemade lasagna is to prepare it. Lasagna has many different ingredients that have to be cooked and mixed together at separate times. First, you need to preheat the oven to 375 degrees Fahrenheit or 190 degrees Celsius. Boil two and one half quarts of water in a 5 quart pot of lightly-salted water on medium high, add the noodles and cook them for approximately eight to ten minutes or until soft. Drain the noodles and put them to the side. Next, put the two pounds of beef in a skillet and cook on medium high heat until all of the meat is evenly brown. Once the beef is fully cooked, drain the grease and rinse the meat with warm hot water. After you have drained and rinsed the beef, put it back into skillet and add one 24 oz. can of Prego Traditional tomato sauce. Stir until the meat and sauce are mixed evenly, keeping the temperature on low or simmer. As soon as you have cooked the lasagna noodles, beef, and mixed the tomato sauce and meat, you must combine all of the ingredients to bake it properly. For this process, you will need to use a three quart rectangular pan. First, place four lasagna noodles side by side down in the pan. Second, you need to add half of the meat and sauce to that layer and spread it evenly across the pan. Third, use a spoon and spread a thin layer of ricotta cheese across the meat and sauce. Once that is done, the fourth thing you do is add a moiety of the shredded mozzarella cheese to fully cover the layer until you see nothing underneath. After those steps are done, you must repeat this step again using the rest of the ingredients. The third step in cooking my family’s homemade lasagna is to bake it the correct way. The oven needs to have been preheating on 375 degrees Fahrenheit while you are preparing the dish. Once you have the pan ready to put in the oven, take a big piece of aluminum foil and cover the top. Place in oven for twenty five to thirty minutes depending on the cheese. When the cheese melts and turns slightly brown, take the pan out of the oven and remove the aluminum foil. Place the pan back into oven for five to eight minutes. After the typical five to eight minutes is up, remove the pan and let it stand for ten minutes before cutting. When the ten minutes is up, you can cut and serve up to ten people with this dish. When you finish eating the portions that you please, be sure to cover the pan up with aluminum foil and place it in the refrigerator. Preparing my family’s homemade lasagna recipe is not a difficult task, but it is very time consuming. Many people try to rush and throw everything together to have a meal in a timely manner, but the key to success is patience. You must have the patience to cook and put together the dish before baking it. The key to creating my family recipe is to select top-quality ingredients, prepare them, and bake them correctly. By following these directions, your homemade lasagna meal will be a great success for you and whomever. (760).

SWOT analysis of Delta Airlines - 2017 Words

SWOT analysis of Delta Airlines Vaughn College of Aeronautics Georgi Teofilov December 15th 2012 Introduction Having been founded on May 30th 1924 Delta airlines is one of the only 4 legacy carriers still left in the aviation industry since the 1978 airline deregulation act. It is a major United States airline and its headquarters are in Atlanta, Georgia. Delta airlines operates 5,000 flights every day of which are both domestic and international. Delta airlines hub is located at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta international airport which is considered the worlds busiest airport in accordance with passenger traffic which accumulates to over 91 million passengers per year. Its fleet consists of 722 airplanes and its†¦show more content†¦Poor management and rocketing fuel prices was a result in its filing for bankruptcy but appropriate measures were not taken at the time and could have altogether prevented its filing for bankruptcy. Another weakness that Delta airlines experiences are it’s over dependence on the North American market for revenue. Deltas domestic routes accoun ts for up to 80 percent of its total amount of routes served which means the North American market will affect the company greatly if any type of economical shift was to happen. If Delta offered more international destinations then the 2005 filing for chapter 11 bankruptcy could have been avoided. Deltas poor management team is targeted for most of the company’s low performance due to inadequate steps taken to prevent the company’s downfall. Delta did make a comeback in 2009 when it emerged from bankruptcy but 4 years in bankruptcy has left a toll on the company and its future is uncertain. Opportunities Delta is still nevertheless moving on forward and the merger of northwest airlines and delta airlines is an example of that. 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